Paralysis is a disease condition in which functional loss of muscles will occur. This can be local or generalized based on the cause, affected area etc.
\nIn many of the cases of Paralysis recovery is prominent but if the cause is strong or the injury is deep it may lead to permanent paralysis.
\nAfter the attack with paralysis, patient get advised for internal medication, physiotherapy, awareness about disease. As per Ayurvedic approach to paralysis, we treat the condition in a different method. The recovery rate are found to be more than 50%. Atleast the patient become able to do their own needs without any support from others . More clearly Ayurveda aims to improve the quality of life.
\n* Causes of Paralysis:
\nThere are Causes reported for the paralysis and there for the paralysis manifestation is of different kind that can be enlisted likely:
\n-Accidents (RTA)
\n-Fall
\n-Sporting injures
\n-Amylotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
\n-Traumatic brain injury (TBI)
\n-Cerebral palsy
\n-Inherited disease
\n-Bacterial \/ Viral infections – Polio, Lyme
\n-Auto- Immune Disorders (GBS)
\n-Multiple sclerosis.
\n-Muscular Dystrophy
\n-Strokes
\n-Spinal tumors.<\/p>\n
* Type of Paralysis :
\nThe condition of paralysis is of different types and they can be classified based on the clinical evaluation.
\nA) Based on the severity:
\nParalysis can be classified as per the grade of muscle function.
\n1)Partial Paralysis: Paralysis with significant muscle weakness and impaired movement. But there is some control over the affected part.
\n2)Complete Paralysis: Paralysis with complete muscle weakness.
\nB) Based on Duration:
\nIn some cases, the paralytic condition may last for very short period and get subsided soon.
\neg: sleep paralysis.
\nstroke
\nBell’s Palsy<\/p>\n
In this case they will regain partial of Complete control over the affected muscles.
\nIn some other cases, the paralytic condition will be permanent.
\neg: severe head or nerve injuries & nuro muscular disorders.”
\nC) Area affected based:
\nParalysis can be of localized in which a small area only affected or generalized may include multiple parts of the body.
\nMonoplegia : one limb affected
\nHemiplegia : two limbs of same side affected
\nParaplegia : Lower limbs got affected
\nQuadriplegia : All the four limbs are got affected<\/p>\n
Pathogenesis of Paralysis:
\nThe pathophysiology of paralysis is of varying in type based on the kind of paralysis.<\/p>\n
Detailed explanation:
\n-MONOPLEGIA-
\nIt is the paralysis of a single area of the body, most typically on limb.<\/p>\n
*Causes :
\n– Strokes
\n-Tumors
\n-Nerve damage due to injures of disease
\n-Nerve impingement
\n-Motor neuron damage
\n-Brain injuries
\n-Impacted or severed nerves at the affected location<\/p>\n
Usually considered as temporary and can regain the function through physical therapy. If the nerves affected not in severe range.
\n* Clinical features:
\n-Weakness or limpness of o single limb.
\n-Decreased Sensation in Single limb.
\n-Curling of the toes or fingers attached to the affected limb.
\n-Difficulty with moving the limb that eventually leads to full paralysis.
\n-Pain in areas near the limb due to muscle stiffness and loss of muscle control.
\n* Management:
\nThe treatment is based on the cause.
\n-Antibiotic treatments If Infection is there.
\n-Physical therapy
\n-Exercise therapy
\n-Psychotherapy
\n-Surgery to correct anatomical abnormality.
\n-Awareness on monoplegia.
\nb) HEMIPLEGIA
\nThis is the form of trauma- Induced Paralysis that affects either side of the body, often just one arm and one leg, but occasionally with symptoms extending partially into the torso.
\nHemiparesis is the condition where significant loss in strength and mobility is noted but not complete paralysis.
\n*Causes of Hemiplegia :
\n1) stroke
\n-Ischemic
\n-Haemorrhagic
\n2) Brain and Nervous System Infections.
\n3) Brain trauma.
\n4)Genetic disorders \/ Congenital.
\n5)Brain tumors.
\n6) Brain Lesions.
\n7)Brain disease.
\n8)Psychological condition – Catatonia, Parasomnia.
\n9)Cardio-Vascular problems & Aneurysms & Hemorrhages
\n10)Adverse reaction of medicine of Surgery eg: Anesthesia
\n11)Loss of Oxygen to brain<\/p>\n
* Clinical Symptoms :
\ni) Muscular :
\nMusculor Atrophy.
\nspasticity and Muscular spasms.
\nii) Partial loss of sensation.
\niii) Pusher syndrome – leaning and active pushing towards the hemiplegic side with no compensation For the instability.
\nSeizures
\nDifficulty in speaking
\n* Types of paralysis & Hemiplegia
\nFacial hemiplegia.
\nSpinal hemiplegia
\nContralateral hemiplegia
\nCerebral hemiplegia
\nSpastic Hemiplegia.<\/p>\n
other types:
\nCongenital
\nAcquired
\n* Prognosis
\nThe prognosis may vary according to the underlying cause. and also depends on associated complications.<\/p>\n
* Complications of Hemiplegia:
\n1)Problem with bladder or bowel Control.
\n2)Unexplained pain on the paralyzed side.
\n3) Bed Sores develops.
\n4)Poor blood circulation from the inactivity.
\n5)Depression and mood swings.
\n6)Septic infections from untreated Sores.
\n7) Musculor atrophy
\n*Management:
\nThere is no proper treatment for hemiplegia. Treating the underlying cause is main Concern.<\/p>\n
Medical intervention therapies :
\n-Blood thinner.
\n-Muscle relaxants.
\n-Antibiotics
\n-Electrical stimulation Modified Constraint-Induced movement therapy<\/p>\n
Surgical intervention :
\n– Remove swelling, lodged in brain.
\n– Addressing secondary issues.
\niii) Therapeutic interventions :
\nPhysiotherapy – Physical therapy
\nOccupational therapy
\nPsychotherapy
\nMental Imagery
\niv) Exercises:
\n-Strength training
\n-Muscle stretches
\n– Seated aerobics
\n-Water aerobics<\/p>\n
c) PARAPLEGIA :
\nIt is also called as partial paralysis, in which the function is Substantially impeded From below the level of injury
\n* Types of Paraplegia:
\n\u2022 -Incomplete paraplegia \/ Paraparesis:
\nIn the case of incomplete paraplegia, the area is not completely affected
\n\u2022- Complete paraplegia:
\nThe patient is unable to use both the legs and may experience other tissues, such as loss of bladder\/bowel control.
\n-Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia :
\nA group of inherited disorders that are I characterized by progressive weakness and spasticity of legs.
\n* stiffiness in the legs
\n* Impaired Vision
\n* Epilepsy
\n* Lack of muscle Coordination
\n* Cognitive impairement<\/p>\n
* Causes of Paraplegia :
\n1) RTA
\n2) Falls
\n3) Gun shot violence
\n4) Sports injuries
\n5) Medical or surgical injuries
\n6) stroke related
\n7)Genetic disorders
\n8) Oxygen deprivation
\n9) Auto- immune disorders
\n10) Infections of brain.
\n11) Lesions of brain<\/p>\n
* Risk Factors:
\n1)Gender: Male > Female
\n2) Age : 45 +
\n3) occupation: Heavy job
\n4) Family history<\/p>\n
*Clinical features of Paraplegia
\n1)Loss of sensation below the area of injury.
\n2) Phantom Sensation of legs.
\n3) Reduction in sexual function.
\n4) Difficulty with bladder and bowel function.
\n5) Loss of mobility below the level of injury.
\n6) Mood Swings.
\n7)Weight gain.
\n8) secondary infections – Bedsores, infections.
\n9) Autonomic dysreflexia.
\n10) Chronic pain<\/p>\n
Diagnosis
\n1) Medical imaging- X rays, MRI, CT
\n2) Neurological examinations.
\n3) Electromyography.<\/p>\n
Complications
\n1) pressure sores.
\n2) Urinary tract infections.
\n3) Chronic depression.
\n7) Circulatory disorders.<\/p>\n
Management of Paraplegia:
\nThere is no such cure is noted in in case of paraplegia. There are some methods which fastens the recovery:<\/p>\n
-Seeking immediate medical attention after injury.
\n-Investigating paraplegia recovery options.
\n-Trying to locate paraplegia Support group.
\n-Making modifications to accommodate mobility limitations.
\n-Considering psychological therapy.<\/p>\n
Suggestive treatments:
\nSurgical correction
\nSpinal cord alignment surgery
\nMedications
\nPhysical therapy
\nExercise therapy
\nPsychotherapy
\nAwareness classes
\nOccupational training & therapy
\nAlternative modalities<\/p>\n
Paraplegia exercises :
\nYoga
\nWeight lifting
\nWater aerobics
\nseated aerobics<\/p>\n
d) Quadriplegia \/ Tetraplegia<\/p>\n
This is a form of paralysis that affects all four limbs, also the torso. This is typically Caused by the damage in the upper spinal cord
\nThe higher the injury is the more extensive the damage. Among these injury to C\u2081-C\u2082 are more fatal because of how they disrupt control over breathing and such other critical function.<\/p>\n
Causes of Quadriplegia :
\n-Auto-accidents.
\n-Falls
\n-Gunshot- Wounds.
\n-Diving
\n-Medical of Surgical Complications.
\n-Traumatic brain damage
\n-Inherited conditions
\nALS (Amyotrophic Lateral sclerosis)
\nMusculon Dystrophy
\n-Vertebral Damage
\nC\u2081, C2, C3 \u2013 Complete paralysis.
\nFatal
\nRespiratory impairment
\nC4, Damage \u2013 Loss of diaphragm control
\nLimited ROM
\nIncontinence to bowel & bladder
\nC5 damage – Affects vocal cord
\nParalysis- leg, hands and wrist
\nC6 damage \u2013 Paralysis of legs
\ntorso & hands
\nNo control on bladder & bowel
\nSpeaking difficulty
\nC7 damage \u2013 Paraplegic
\nquadriplegia without Complications<\/p>\n
Risk Factors
\n-Gender – Males > Females
\n-Age \u2013 45 +
\n-Risky behaviors – Diving, high risk sport
\n-Carrier related- athlets, construction works
\n-family history Types of Quadriplegia
\n1) Incomplete quadriplegia
\n2) Complete quadriplegia
\n3) Spastic quadriplegia<\/p>\n
Diagnosis
\n1) Clinical evaluation.
\n2) MRI Scans.
\n3) Spinal taps (Lumbar punctures).
\n4) Blood tests.
\n5) Electro-myography (EMG) Test.
\n* Management :
\n– Exercises
\n– Surgical corrections
\n– Medications
\n– Awareness & motivation Speech and language therapy.
\n– Physical therapy
\n– Psychotherapy<\/p>\n
Complications
\n1) Development of sores.
\n2) Spastic limbs.
\n3) Urinary tract infections.
\n4) Muscular Atrophy
\n5) Chronic pain.
\n6) Difficulty with bodily awareness
\n7) Weight gain
\n8) Respiratory intections.
\n9) Loss of fertility\/ sexual function<\/p>\n
AYURVEDIC CONCEPT ON \u201cPARALYSIS\u201d<\/p>\n
Ayurveda explained most of the disease along with Cause pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis and treatments in very clear way.<\/p>\n
As per Ayurvedic point of view, a disease is manifested because of the Vitiation of doshas:<\/p>\n
Vata Pitta Kapha<\/p>\n
Because doshas in their equilibrium state is the healthy and when they get Vitiated, it leads to unhealthy. Most of the disease are manifested because of the Vata dosha associated with other doshas also. So, the disease conditions which are Caused mainly by vata dosha are grouped into Vata-vyadhi.
\nIn Vata Vyadhi, it explains about different types of diseases which are manifested because of the dushti\/ vitation of vata dosha mainly.
\nAyurveda explained about different type of paralysis with their details.<\/p>\n
*Nidana (Cause of Paralysis)
\n1) By using dry, cold, less, and light food more.
\n2) Excess Sexual intercourse
\n3) Awakening during night time.
\n4) Fasting, swimming, heavy exercise, -in excuse
\n5) Stress,thoughts, anxiety ete in excess
\n6) Illness everyday
\n7)Suppression of urge
\n8) Indigestion.
\n9)Trauma, excess riding on animal \u2013 fall<\/p>\n
Pathogenies
\nBy the above mentioned, Causes, Vata in the body get Vitiated and enter into the body channel and make the function improper thereby producing different type of disease which can be Single organ or whole body related<\/p>\n
Prodromal Symptoms<\/p>\n
There is no such prodromal Symptoms for the Vata vyadhi.<\/p>\n
General symptoms<\/p>\n
– stiffnen in joints
\n– Contraction of muscles
\n– Chances For Fracture of bone
\n– Horripilation
\n– Drooling of saliva
\n– Stiffness on hands, lower back, head region
\n– Swelling on joints
\n– Increased sleeping duration \/ weakness
\n– Numbness on body
\n– Different kind of pain.<\/p>\n
As per the concept of Paralysis in Ayurveda
\nIt can be – Ekanga (Monoplegia)
\nPakshaghatha (Hemiplegia)
\nAdhakayasadam (Paraplegia)
\nSarvanga vatam (quadriplegia)<\/p>\n
Among these Pakshaghatham is explained here as it is the most common Variety of paralysis.<\/p>\n
Pakshaghatham:
\n\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0940\u0924\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0902, \u0924\u0928\u094b\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941\u0903 \u0938\u093f\u0930\u093e\u0903 \u0938\u094d\u0928\u093e\u092f\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0936\u094b\u0927\u094d\u092f \u091a
\n\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0930\u0902 \u0939\u0928\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0928\u094d\u0927\u093f\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0928\u094d \u0935\u093f\u092e\u094b\u0928\u092f\u0928 |
\n\u0915\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0938\u094d\u0928\u094b ] \u092f\u0947\u0915\u093e\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u0915\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0923\u094d\u092f\u094b \u0935\u093f\u091a\u0947\u0924\u0928\u0903 AH N<\/p>\n
Vayu (vata dosha) get vitiated by the causes explained above, and it come on contact with body and make the Sira (blood vessel) & Snayu (Tendons) weak and become not able to work properly. This affects one side of the body only. There by the strength of joints get reduced. It makes the half side of body weak and become not able to work properly.<\/p>\n
*Types
\nAccording to the dosha combinations Pakshaghatham can be of:
\n-Vata
\n-Vata-Pittam (DAHA SANTAPA MURCHA )
\n-Vata- Kapham (SAITHYAM SOTHAM GURUTWA )
\n-Vata- Pitta- Kapham<\/p>\n
Prognosis :
\nVata \u2192 Difficulty to cure
\nVata-Pittam Curable
\nVata-Kapha Curable
\nVata-Pitta-Kapha Incurable Management<\/p>\n
\u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0942\u092a\u0938\u094d\u0924\u092e\u094d\u092d\u092e\u093e\u0926\u094c \u0938\u094d\u0928\u0947\u0939\u0938\u094d\u092e\u093e\u091a\u0930\u0947\u0924! (CA CI.)<\/p>\n
As per the treatment advised for Such causes, the main dosha- Vata Should be treated first, inorder to make in control, as the Vata-dosha plays a major role in this type diseases. For the Pacification of Vata dosha:
\nMahasneha can be used for Sneha karma according to the condition.
\nSarpi \u2013 ghee
\nVasa – fat
\nThaila \u2013 Oil
\nMajja \u2013 Bone marrow fat
\nThe patient should be done with oleation by these medicated Sneha (oleatory) forms. After the saturation of Sneha, the patient can be given Sneha in the form of food
\n– Peyadi (Porridge)
\n– Yusha (Soup)
\n– Mmsarasa (Meat soup) – added sneha<\/p>\n
Specific treatment:
\n\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0928\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0928\u0947\u0939\u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0918\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0930\u0947\u091a\u0928\u0902\u0964
\nThe pakshaghata treatment consists of:
\nsnehana (Oleation)
\nSvedana (Sudation)
\nVirechanam (Purgation)<\/p>\n
Snehana:
\nBahya (External oleation)
\nThe application of medicated oil on body according to the condition – Abhyangam
\n– Mahanarayana
\n– Sahacharadi
\n– Dhanwantharam
\n– Prabhanjana Vimardhana
\n– Karpasasthyadi
\n– Ksheerabala
\n– Mahanarayanam
\n– Bala thaila etc.<\/p>\n
Abhyanthara (intermal oleation)<\/p>\n
Administration of medicated ghee or oil in a graded dosage according to :
\n-Condition of patient
\n-Intensity of disease
\n-chronicity of disease<\/p>\n
B) Swedhanam :
\nSudation procedure done by medicated steam, After the Sneha Karma.<\/p>\n
Sodhanam :<\/p>\n
Virechanam : Induced purgation treatment
\nMedicated oil, Kashaya lehya etc which are not very strong can be used. The procedure
\nshould be done under the Supervision only.<\/p>\n
Vasti: The procedure of enema through rectal route with medicated herbal combinations<\/p>\n
Most effective Form of Vasti is the Yoga Vasthi procedure, which include.
\n– Kashaya Vasthi (Decoction enema)
\n– Anuvasan Vasthi (Oil enema)<\/p>\n
This contains 8 enemas in which 3 are Kashaya vasthi & 5 are oil enema and alternative manner like below
\nAV AV KV AV KV AV KV AV
\nOR
\nAV KV AV KV AV KV AV AV<\/p>\n
Nasyam
\n: The procedure of nasal Instillation of medicated drops in a graded dosage for 3-7 days This procedure is done under the supervision and instruction to patient<\/p>\n
a) Samsamana Kriya :
\nThe procedure of pacifying the remaining doshas<\/p>\n
– Exterial therapres
\n*Abhyangam
\n*Shashtika Pinda Swedam
\n*Pathra Potali swedam
\n*shiro Vasthi
\n*shiro dhara
\n– Internal medications
\nKalpana – Kashaya
\n– churna
\n– Gulika
\n– Thaila Ghee<\/p>\n